The Constitution of 2013 for the first time affirmed basic social security rights for people. Article 34 states: "Citizens have the right to social security" and Article 59 stipulates: "The State creates equality of opportunity for citizens to enjoy social welfare and develop the social security system”.

The revised Labor Code (2012) enhances the State's support for disadvantaged workers in the market through supportive employment policies.

The Resolution No. 15-NQ/TW, dated June 1, 2012, of the 11th Central Party Committee entitled "A number of social policy issues for the period of 2012-2020" affirmed: Continue to improve material and spiritual benefits for people with meritorious services, ensuring that families of people with meritorious services have a living standard equal to or higher than the average living standard of people in the area.

By 2020, basically ensure the social security of the entire population, ensure a minimum level of income, education, health, housing, clean water and information and communication, contributing to gradually raising incomes. , to ensure the safe, equal and happy life of the people.

The Resolution of the 12th National Party Congress continues to affirm: ensuring social security is one of the key tasks in the new period; continue to perfect social security policies in accordance with the process of socio-economic development; expand the object and improve the effectiveness of the social security system for all people, aiming at the goal of implementing the entire people's social security; encourage to enhance the ability of each citizen to ensure social security; closely associate economic policies with social security policies, economic development with raising the quality of life of the people, ensuring that the people can enjoy better and better results of the renovation process, building and developing the country.

It can be seen that ensuring social security is a consistent and consistent policy of our Party and State in leading the country. Looking at the implementation of social security policies in recent years, it can be seen:

Social assistance: By the end of 2018, the country has implemented monthly social assistance and health insurance cards for more than 2.8 million people, including 42,434 orphaned and abandoned children. loss of nourishment source; more than 1.6 million elderly people; more than 1 million people with disabilities are receiving benefits; 4,389 people living with HIV / AIDS from poor households ...

Public and non-public social assistance institutions have made certain progress. The country currently has 418 social assistance establishments, including 195 public establishments and 223 non-public establishments that nurture and care for more than 41,450 subjects. Many models of social work centers have been operating effectively in provinces and cities, such as Quang Ninh, Da Nang, Ben Tre, Long An, Thanh Hoa and Ho Chi Minh City.

Emergency assistance for people and households at risk of natural disasters has been carried out according to the 4-on-spot motto, basically meeting the needs of ensuring welfare for people in an emergency.

Regarding ensuring minimum education: Programs and policies to support education for children of poor households, ethnic minorities and disadvantaged areas have been implemented effectively. Education universalization has been completed ahead of schedule from preschool to junior high school, in which the rate of 5-year-old children going to preschool reaches 99%, children attending school at the right age for primary education is 99% upper secondary school is over 90% of the percentage of children with disabilities attending school reaches 60%.

The vocational training system continues to be renewed, in association with labor market demand and international integration. The network of vocational training institutions has been expanded, increasing the number of newly recruited students. The Project on Vocational Training for Rural Laborers has contributed to increasing employment opportunities and quality, and restructuring agricultural labor.

In terms of minimum health assurance: The grassroots health system has been completed, focusing primarily on poor districts and extremely difficult communes including infrastructure of medical stations, hospitals and health workers; support technology transfer to lower levels to increase service quality and reduce the load for higher levels; supporting poor ethnic minority women to have children in accordance with the population policy.

Regarding ensuring minimum housing: The housing assistance program for poor households in rural areas in phase 1 has completed support for 531 thousand households, Phase 2 is expected to support an additional 311 thousand households. The programs to support poor households in building houses to prevent and fight against storms and floods in the North Central and Central Coast regions, social houses in urban areas, investment in building houses for students and pupils continue. This program is implemented to meet about 70% of workers in industrial parks and export processing zones who need accommodation and about 220,000 students.

On ensuring clean water and environmental sanitation: The national target program on clean water and rural sanitation has focused on the poor in remote areas, helping to improve the lives of farmers. villages, especially policy beneficiaries.

Communication activities have been promoted throughout the country, contributing to raising awareness and changing behaviors of rural people on using clean water, hygienic latrines, practicing hygienic and environmental protection behaviors. school. Sanitation practices and behaviors have been improved.

Ensuring access to information: Implementing the goal of narrowing the gap in information and communication enjoyment among regions, regions and regions throughout the country, through strengthening information and communication staff, strengthening facilities and information content. Providing public postal services; issue newspapers and magazines to ethnic minority and mountainous areas to meet the spiritual needs of the people, especially in disadvantaged areas.

Thereby, it is confirmed that social security policies are becoming more and more relevant in terms of scope of subjects, criteria to identify beneficiaries, levels of benefits and conditions of entitlement, thus contributing to increasing efficiency as well as durability. firm.

Tran Hang