The two agate beads, carved into the shapes of a waterbird and a tiger, were found in an intact cultural layer at the Lai Nghi burial site. They are now preserved in the artifact collection of the Quang Nam Museum.

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The waterbird and tiger-shaped agate beads are safeguarded at the Quang Nam Museum. 

The waterbird bead measures 1.5 cm in length and 0.75 cm in height. Despite its small size, the bead's intricate details stand out.

The waterbird features a curved pelican-like beak, large eyes, a prominent crest, a short tail, and stubby wings. A hole runs vertically from its chest to the tail for stringing.

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Scholars believe the bird depicted on the bead resembles the colorful waterhen (Porphyrio Linnaeus), commonly found in Southeast Asia’s wetlands.

The tiger bead measures 1.4 cm in length, 1.1 cm in height, and 0.7 cm in thickness. Its design includes a robust body, a reclining posture resembling a cow at first glance, and a tiger’s distinctive head. Details such as the eyes, nose bridge, ears, and facial features are meticulously crafted.

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The tiger-shaped agate bead exhibits precise craftsmanship and attention to detail.
Photo credit: Department of Cultural Heritage

These artifacts, made from carnelian - a semi-precious gemstone with a history spanning millennia - are unique to the Sa Huynh culture.

Carnelian has long been treasured, first appearing in the Varna Chalcolithic necropolis in Bulgaria approximately 6,500 years ago.

It was highly valued in ancient Greek and Roman societies over 4,000 years ago and has since been unearthed in archaeological sites across the Balkans, Greece, the Middle East, and other ancient regions.

Craftsmanship and cultural significance

The exceptional craftsmanship of these beads reflects the artisans’ patience and skill. Their refined designs highlight the advanced techniques and artistry of Sa Huynh culture.

These rare historical artifacts provide insight into the cultural exchanges of the Sa Huynh civilization, revealing its prominent role in maritime trade across the East Sea.

The residents of Sa Huynh were skilled traders, affluent consumers, and pivotal players in ancient economic networks.

Lai Nghi, located in a strategic estuarine and coastal area, was a key hub in the Sa Huynh cultural system. Its central position facilitated trade and cultural exchange with other regions, underscoring its historical importance.

Tinh Le