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The "Cap sac" ritual is divided into three levels: three lamps, seven lamps and twelve lamps, which mean the number of lamps the person passing the ritual is granted. Each level reflects a different meaning and level. Due to the complexity of the 12-lamp level ritual, not all Dao families can afford the economics to perform the ceremony.
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The 12-lamp level ritual of Dao Tien people in Cao Bang province is held with the participation of the whole family, under the chair of the head of the family. |
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Women are also allowed to attend the ceremony.
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Ritual is performed on the outdoor altar. The head sorcerer implementing the ritual. |
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A special ladder for ascending to the altar… steps made of crossed swords are placed diagonally across each other. |
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The seal is granted to the men in the cap sac ritual.
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The ceremony ended with the burning of petitions to the gods about the promotion of the disciple to become a great magician. |
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Unique spiritual rituals take place on the 3rd day of the ritual. |
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The ceremony ended with the burning of petitions to the gods about the promotion of the disciple to become a great magician. |
Pham Quang Vinh
Wedding ritual of the Nung ethnic group in northern Vietnam
Young Nung boys and girls in the northern mountainous province of Lao Cai make friends and date when they work in the fields or go to market fairs.
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