VietNamNet Bridge - Foreign-invested enterprises have organized production according to the OBM mode (original brand manufacturer), in which they undertake all important phases of the production chain, from design and production to distribution. But Vietnamese companies have moved slowly in that direction.


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Vietnam is a big garment exporter



Worldon Vietnam is a 100 percent foreign owned subsidiary of Shen Zhou Group in Dong Nam IZ in HCMC. After receiving a certificate on increasing investment capital in Vietnam to $140 million in 2014, it began building a center for fashion design and high-quality knitwear to lower production costs and enjoy the preferential export tariff of zero percent.

Analysts said if Vietnamese enterprises followed the ODM (original design manufacturer) and OBM modes, they would be able to increase the profit margin by 30-40 percent or even 100 percent.

Vietnam exported $31 billion worth of textiles and garments in 2017. To obtain this export turnover, it had to import $19 billion worth of input materials. If deducting the input materials for making products for domestic consumption, the textile and garment industry would see an excess of exports over imports of $15.5 billion, the highest level so far.
 

Vietnam exported $31 billion worth of textiles and garments in 2017. To obtain this export turnover, it had to import $19 billion worth of input materials. 

David Marshall, managing director of Marshall Investment Fund, one of 12 Australian leading funds, said investors are relocating textile factories from Bangkok and Hong Kong to Vietnam to minimize production costs.

Experts commented that in order to enhance Vietnam’s position in the global value chain, Vietnamese enterprises have no other choice than to change the production method.

Some textile companies have shifted from doing outsourcing, or OEM (original equipment manufacturer), to selling finished products, or FOB (free on board), and higher levels, including ODM and OBM.

Nevertheless, only a few enterprises can do this. According to the Vietnam Textile & Apparel Association (Vitas), 70 percent of enterprises are still following OEM and 20 percent follow FOB. 

The figures of these enterprises remain modest, 9 percent for ODM and 1 percent for OBM.

While analysts believe that CPTPP, the trade agreement that Vietnam has recently signed, will bring big benefits to Vietnam’s textile and garment industry with expected growth rates of 8-13 percent in export turnover, Vitas secretary general Truong Van Cam is cautious when talking about the opportunities of the industry.

He said though the opportunities are great, the weak point in input material sources may contain Vietnamese enterprises.

CPTPP includes countries strong in textile and garment exports, such as Mexico, Peru and Malaysia, which are rivals of Vietnam as they can control material supply sources.

Vietnamese enterprises need to take the initiative in building a supply chain with emphasis on input material supply.


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Thanh Lich