The Ministry of Industry and Trade (MoIT) has recently revived discussions on nuclear power, presenting it as a significant, reliable, and sustainable energy source capable of addressing Vietnam's long-term energy security.  

Based on Power Development Plan VIII, the MoIT has studied practical needs and reported to the government on the potential for nuclear power development. Nuclear power development was also mentioned in the recent draft amendments to the Electricity Law presented to the National Assembly.  

The latest report from the MoIT highlights the rationale for restarting Vietnam's nuclear power program. The ministry emphasized that nuclear power provides large-scale, stable, and green energy, making it essential for future sustainable development and energy security.  

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The site in Ninh Thuan, once identified for nuclear power plant construction, is now under suspended plans. (Photo: Xuan Ngoc)  

The MoIT warned of potential power shortages between 2026-2030, citing the likelihood of a significant capacity gap in Vietnam's power system.  

The ministry also explored the idea of developing small modular reactors (SMRs), stressing that any nuclear power projects, including small-scale initiatives, must align with guidelines from the Party and State and comply with the Atomic Energy Law.  

The MoIT stated that factors such as capacity, site selection, and power supply methods would undergo thorough examination in coordination with relevant agencies during planning and project implementation phases.  

The report emphasized that nuclear power projects must be approved by the National Assembly before investment and implementation, in compliance with the Atomic Energy Law. Specific mechanisms for each project will be studied and proposed for National Assembly approval.  

To facilitate future nuclear power development, the MoIT suggested including nuclear energy policies in the amended Electricity Law, particularly in Article 5, Clause 15 of the draft.  

The MoIT confirmed that the Politburo has approved the general policy to restart Vietnam’s nuclear power program.  

In response to public concerns about risks such as decommissioning timelines, potential security threats, safety for surrounding communities, and nuclear waste management, the MoIT assured that these issues are comprehensively addressed in the Atomic Energy Law and related legislation.  

The ministry also emphasized the need for a clear roadmap for nuclear power development as outlined in Power Development Plan VIII. This includes ensuring energy security while complementing the growth of renewable energy.  

The MoIT highlighted progress in developing human resources for nuclear power. Between 2010 and 2021, 323 Vietnamese students were sent to Russia to study nuclear power-related disciplines. Collaboration with Japan led to training for over 100 students in advanced nuclear power programs, specifically for the Ninh Thuan 2 Nuclear Power Project.  

Additionally, the Vietnam Electricity Group (EVN) sent 31 students to study nuclear energy between 2006 and 2009. By 2022, 27 of these students were employed by EVN. Among the students sent to Russia, 177 out of 248 have been assigned positions, while the remainder either withdrew commitments or joined other organizations.  

For those trained in Japan, 32 graduates were designated as the core workforce for the Ninh Thuan 2 plant, with 31 employed by EVN and one at the Ministry of Science and Technology.  

This pool of highly trained professionals will be critical for advising, developing, and operating nuclear power projects as Vietnam restarts its nuclear program.  

Tam An